Description:

PEERS MI is an evidence-informed intervention comprised of brief single sessions led by peer-level staff to encourage engagement and retention in care for PLWH at the time of initial linkage or at re-entry into care. Medication adherence and other target behaviors relevant to self-management may also be addressed. The intervention is based on Motivational Interviewing (MI), “a collaborative conversation style for strengthening a person’s own motivation and commitment to change (Narr-King and Suarez, 2011; Miller and Rollnick (2012)”.MI conversational style may also be thought of as guiding a person to change, rather than directing them to follow change.

Literature & Resources:

Links to Literature

• Fortenberry JD, Koenig LJ, Kapogiannis BG, Jeffries CL, Ellen JM, Wilson CM. Implementation of an Integrated Approach to the National HIV/AIDS Strategy for Improving Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care for Youths. Journal of the American Medical Association Pediatrics. 2017;171(7):687–693.
• Markland D, Ryan RM, Tobin VJ, Rollnick S. Motivational Interviewing and Self- Determination Theory. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology.2005;24(6): 811-831.
• Naar-King S, Outlaw A, Green-Jones M, Wright K. Motivational Interviewing by Peer Outreach Workers: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial to Retain Adolescents and Young adults in HIV care. AIDS Care, 2009;21(7):868–87.
• Naar-King S, Parsons JT, Murphy DA, Chen, X., Harris DR, Belzer ME. Improving Health Outcomes for Youth Living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus: A Multisite Randomized Trial of a Motivational Intervention Targeting Multiple Risk Behaviors. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 2009; 163(12): 1092-1098.
• Outlaw AY, Naar-King S, Parsons JT, Green-Jones M, Janisse H, Secord E. Using Motivational Interviewing in HIV Field Outreach with Young African American Men who have Sex with Men: A Randomized Clinical Trial. American Journal of Public Health. 2010;100(S1): S146-S151.
• Prochaska JO, Redding CA, Harlow LL, Rossi JS, Velicer WF. The Transtheoretical Model of Change and HIV Prevention: A Review. Health Education and Behavior.1994;21(4): 471-48.
• Zanoni BC, Mayer KH. The Adolescent and Young Adult HIV Cascade of Care in the United States: Exaggerated Health Disparities. AIDS Patient Care and STDs. 2014; 28(3): 128-135.

Books

• Miller WR, Rollnick S. Motivational Interviewing: Helping People Change. New York: Guilford Press;2012.
• Naar S, Flynn H. Motivational Interviewing and the Treatment of Depression. In: Arkowitz et al, Eds. Motivational Interviewing and the Treatment of Psychological Problems, 2nd edition. New York: Guilford Press; 2107.

Website

• Module 5: Innovative Models of Care: Motivational Interviewing

Description:

Project CONNECT was originally launched in 2007 at the University of Alabama at Birmingham 1917 HIV Outpatient Clinic to address the issue that one-third of clinic patients did not attend their first scheduled HIV primary care appointment. Because the first year in outpatient HIV medical care is a dynamic and vulnerable time, missed visits are common as PLWH acclimate to new regimens.

Recognizing that the lag time between initial clinic contact and first appointment was strongly associated with missed visits, the Project CONNECT developers created an intervention that schedules an orientation for new patients within the first five business days of their initial call to the clinic. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Compendium of Evidence-Based Interventions and Best Practices for HIV Prevention includes Project CONNECT as an evidence-informed intervention.

Literature & Resources:

Links to Literature:

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Compendium of Evidence-Based Interventions and best practices for HIV prevention. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/research/interventionresearch/compendium/index.html
• Crawford, TN. Poor Retention in Care One-Year after Viral Suppression: A Significant Predictor of Viral Rebound. AIDS Care. 2014; 26(11): 1393-9.
• Gardner, L. I., Giordano, T. P., Marks, G., Wilson, T. E., Craw, J. A., Drainoni, M. L., Keruly, J. C., Rodriguez, A. E., Malitz, F., Moore, R. D., Bradley-Springer, L. A., Holman, S., Rose, C. E., Girde, S., Sullivan, M., Metsch, L. R., Saag, M., Mugavero, M. J., Retention in Care Study Group (2014). Enhanced Personal Contact with HIV Patients Improves Retention in Primary Care: A Randomized Trial in Six US HIV Clinics. Clinical infectious diseases: an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 59(5), 725-34.
• Michael J. Mugavero, Hui-Yi Lin, Jeroan J. Allison, James H. Willig, Pei-Wen Chang, Malcolm Marler, James L. Raper, Joseph E. Schumacher, Maria Pisu, Michael S.
• Saag. Failure to Establish HIV Care: Characterizing the “No Show” Phenomenon. Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 45, Issue 1, 1 July 2007, Pages 127–130.
• Mugavero, M. J. (2008). Improving Engagement in HIV Care: What Can We do? Topics in HIV Medicine, 16, 156- 161
• Mugavero MJ, Westfall AO, Cole SR. Beyond Core Indicators of Retention in HIV Care: Missed Clinic Visits are Independently Associated with All-Cause Mortality. Clin Infect Dis. 2014;59(10):1471–1479.
• Nijhawan, A. E., Liang, Y., Vysyaraju, K., Muñoz, J., Ketchum, N., Saber, J., Buchberg, M., Venegas, Y., Bullock, D., Jain, M. K., Villarreal, R, Taylor, B. S. Missed Initial Medical Visits: Predictors, Timing, and Implications for Retention in HIV Care. AIDS Patient Care and STDS. 2017;31(5):213-21.
• Project CONNECT (Client-Oriented New Patient Navigation to Encourage Connection to Treatment). Compendium of Evidence-Based Interventions and Best Practices for HIV Prevention. LRC Chapter – Project CONNECT. March 16, 2018.

Links to Websites:

• Webinar: Project CONNECT: Evidence-Informed Linkage to HIV Care

Description:

TXTXT is an evidence-informed daily, two-way text messaging intervention to promote adherence to HIV medications. An automated text messaging platform sends a series of bi-directional text messages to individual clients to: 1) remind them to take their medication, 2) confirm the medication was taken, and 3) encourage them to stay adherent. The client helps design the content of the messages to be meaningful and motivating to them, and to reflect their medication regimen.

Literature & Resources:

Links to Literature:

• Bandura A. The Anatomy of Stages of Change. American Journal of Health Promotion. 1997;12:8-10.
• Garofalo, R., Kuhns, L. M., Hotton, A., Johnson, A., Muldoon, A., and Rice, D. (2016). RCT of Personalized Text Message Reminders to Promote Medication Adherence among HIV-Positive Adolescents and Young Adults. AIDS and Behavior, 20, 1049-1059.
• Giordano, T.P., Guzman, D., Clark, R., Charlebois, E.D., & Bangsberg, D.R. Measuring Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in a Diverse Population using a Visual Analogue Scale. HIV Clinical Trials. 2004;5:74–79.
• Humeniuk R and Ali R on behalf of the WHO ASSIST Phase II Study Group. Validation of the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) and Pilot Brief Intervention: A Technical Report of Phase II Findings of the WHO ASSIST Project. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2006.
• Larsen DL, Attkisson CC, Hargreaves WA, Nguyen TD. Assessment of Client/Patient Satisfaction: Development of a General Scale. Evaluation and Program Planning. 1979;2:197–207.
• Murphy DA, Sarr, M, Durako, SJ, Moscicki, AB, Wilson, CM, Muenz, LR. Barrier to HAART Adherence among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Adolescents. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine. 2003; 157(3): 249-55.
• Text Messaging Intervention to Improve Antiretroviral Adherence among HIV-Positive Youth. Compendium of Evidence-Based Interventions and Best Practices for HIV Prevention. Medication Adherence (MA) Chapter – TXTXT. November 4, 2016.
• Tucker CM, Peterson S, Herman KC, et al. Self-Regulation Predictors of Medication Adherence among Ethnically Different Pediatric Patients with Renal Transplants. Journal of Pediatric Psychology. 2001;26(8):455–64.
• Wright K, Naar-King S, Lam P, Templin T, Frey M. Stigma Scale Revised: Reliability and Validity of a Brief Measure of Stigma for HIV + Youth. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2007;40(1):96–8.

Book:

• Derogatis L. Brief Symptom Inventory: Administration, Scoring, and Procedures Manual. Minneapolis, MN: National Computer Systems, Inc; 1993.

Links to Websites:

• N/A